Natural gas and liquefied natural gas It consists of various hydrocarbon compounds such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane and non-hydrocarbons such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
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Advantages of using natural gas
1) It is a highly efficient petroleum fuel. there is a complete combustion
2) It is very safe to use. because it is lighter than air therefore floats up when a leak occurs
3) Most of the natural gas used in Thailand is produced from domestic sources. Thereby reducing the import of other fuels and saving a lot of foreign currency.
Restrictions on the use of natural gas
1) The price of natural gas is not stable and is tied to the price of oil which fluctuates all the time.
2) Thailand uses a very high percentage of natural gas that poses a risk of energy sources.
3) Natural gas reserves in Thailand are limited.
At present, Thailand’s natural gas supply comes from 3 sources: the Gulf of Thailand gas field. Myanmar gas field and imported liquefied natural gas More than 50% of natural gas is used as fuel in power plants.
Liquefied Natural Gas LNG
LNG is natural gas. brought through the process Reduce the temperature to about -162 degrees Celsius. Reducing this temperature will cause the natural gas to change into a liquid state. This transition will cause the volume to decrease approximately 600 times its original volume. So it is convenient to store and transport. It can save a lot of transportation costs.
Change of status from liquid to gas (Regasification Process)
After the LNG has arrived at the receiving port, the LNG will be transported to storage tanks designed to maintain its liquid state until it is needed. It will be taken through the heat process to change the state back into gas form. Then it will be sent through the next gas pipeline.
Russia currently has the world’s largest natural gas reserves, almost 27%, followed by Iran 15% and Qatar 14%, while the world’s top LNG producers are Qatar, Indonesia, Malaysia and Algeria to name a few. where the main customers are Japan and South Korea are countries with very high demand for LNG compared to other countries and in the future the United States will import more LNG as a result of higher demand. The global demand in 2007 was approximately 100 million tons/year.
The agency responsible for procuring liquefied natural gas from abroad
Thailand uses natural gas as the main fuel to generate electricity. and industry from the forecast of increasing demand for natural gas In addition, the oil price has continued to rise. Therefore, on May 17, 2005, the Cabinet approved PTT Public Company Limited to prepare a plan to import liquefied natural gas. To prepare and clarify to support alternative fuel supply plans for the country. And to strengthen the stability of natural gas supply in the long term, PTT Public Company Limited has therefore established PTT LNG Company Limited to carry out the construction of a jetty and a gas receiving and distributing station. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) and its main mission is Ship receiving and LNG storage service Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate, Rayong Province, which started construction at the end of 2007.
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving and distributing stations are therefore important to the country’s economic development. It is the necessary infrastructure to support the rapidly growing demand for natural gas. especially power generation and in case of emergency or urgent need at natural gas fields in the Gulf of Thailand or other sources are unable to deliver natural gas as usual. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving and distributing stations can continuously import and deliver LNG that is stored in the system. To replace the interruption in gas distribution. This will affect the operation of power plants and various industrial factories in the future.
In addition, having a liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving and distributing station is the first in Southeast Asia. It opens Thailand’s energy door to access important natural gas resources from around the world. It is also an opportunity to enter the LNG business in both exploration and production. LNG transportation business as well as LNG trading business natural gas discovery in the Gulf of Thailand
Thailand discovered a natural gas field in the Gulf of Thailand in 1973, which was later named “Erawan” field. TAT, Rayong province. Natural gas has become an important turning point of the country into an era known as “Chotichuangchatchawan” with Thailand being able to become more self-reliant in energy. Up until now, natural gas from the Gulf of Thailand is still the main power source. which is used as the main fuel for generating electricity industrial fuel vehicle fuels, cooking gas, and raw materials in the petrochemical industry
After the discovery of the Erawan natural gas field Many other gas sources have also been found, such as the Bongkot, Pailin, Plathong, or land-based sources, such as the Sirikit field. and Nam Phong sources, etc., totaling about 40 sources, representing a share of benefits that the state receives more than 100 billion baht per year. It is a small amount of money to be allocated to the country’s development budget in various fields.